Random Number Generator Slot Machine
Hacking Slot Machines by Reverse-Engineering the Random Number Generators
Interesting story:
The venture is built on Alex’s talent for reverse engineering the algorithms — known as pseudorandom number generators, or PRNGs — that govern how slot machine games behave. Armed with this knowledge, he can predict when certain games are likeliest to spit out moneyinsight that he shares with a legion of field agents who do the organization’s grunt work.
A Random Number Generator is a microchip that constantly generates numbers at a rate of several billion per second. In slots, the RNG is everything, in the early days of slot machines a mechanical concept was used for randomization but over the past decades, the RNG process has been digitalised and therefore the RNG computer chip is not only used in slots but also in video poker and other. Every slot machine contains a micro computer called the Random Number Generator (RNG) that is generating numbers constantly, even when the machine is not being used. The RNG typically generates numbers between 1 and several billion hundreds of times every second. The world of slots is a random one. Many of slot players have tried to add reason and logic to slot playing with no real results. That’s because the entire game is controlled by a RNG (random number generator). If you play slots in the real world, it’s possible that your slot machine is part of a “pool.” Many racinos, which are casinos at horse racing facilities, are built around a.
In a slot machine, random numbers are continually and consistently being generated, even when no game is being played. The outcomes of the algorithm are always being calculated, thousands per second. These calculations are being performed by the main server in. Slot machines work the same way, but with much longer odds. And pay you back if the number was between 1-95. I hope it's clear that the randomness is what ensures the 95% payback. The machine doesn't have to get looser and tighter. Write a program to generate a million random numbers.
These agents roam casinos from Poland to Macau to Peru in search of slots whose PRNGs have been deciphered by Alex. They use phones to record video of a vulnerable machine in action, then transmit the footage to an office in St. Petersburg. There, Alex and his assistants analyze the video to determine when the games’ odds will briefly tilt against the house. They then send timing data to a custom app on an agent’s phone; this data causes the phones to vibrate a split second before the agent should press the “Spin” button. By using these cues to beat slots in multiple casinos, a four-person team can earn more than $250,000 a week.
It’s an interesting article; I have no idea how much of it is true.
The sad part is that the slot-machine vulnerability is so easy to fix. Although the article says that “writing such algorithms requires tremendous mathematical skill,” it’s really only true that designing the algorithms requires that skill. Using any secure encryption algorithm or hash function as a PRNG is trivially easy. And there’s no reason why the system can’t be designed with a real RNG. There is some randomness in the system somewhere, and it can be added into the mix as well. The programmers can use a well-designed algorithm, like my own Fortuna, but even something less well-thought-out is likely to foil this attack.
Posted on August 7, 2017 at 6:00 AM • 43 Comments
Slot players usually know that there’s a computer chip called Random Number Generator or RNG inside the slot machines but they don’t usually know how it really works. That’s why there are a lot of urban legends and misunderstandings about the slot machines and similar casino free games. Probably one of the most popular legends about the slot machine is that somehow it tells the player exactly when it’s about to give a jackpot. There’s a lot of con artists trying to sell you their “system” of being the slots. Don’t get fooled by them, save your money for other things, because it’s totally impossible.
The Random Number Generator is actually a microprocessor just like the one in your computer. But instead of running a browser or the programs you normally use, it runs a different sort of computer program. The RNG generate different numbers that gives you the symbols on the reels of the online slot machines. These numbers are constantly changing fast, they change in milliseconds. The RNG selects different numbers that range approximately from 0 to four billion. These numbers have a direct correlation with the symbols on the reels. The result of the combination of these symbols is anchored by the number that is generated by the RNG. The second you press the spin button is when the number is selected.
There’s an algorithm or a formula that is programmed onto the RNG chip. This program in the Random Number Generator gives instructions to generate and select the numbers. The Casino Control Board and other labs test the algorithm and how it works on the Random Number Generator so that it is accurate. The random numbers that it generates is so vast and complicated that it is beyond any ordinary person’s mathematical knowledge. It takes teams of programmers and mathematicians to come up with this algorithm and test it. The program is tested for performance and correctness so that slot players are not cheated through a custom random number generator.
Knowing the technicalities of course doesn’t really explain the average slot player how the true random number generator actually works. In order to really understand the random number generator, you need to know how you win at slots. Random number generator plays a big role in determining when a spin is going to result in a win. There’s a couple of spaces that are either a symbol or a blank on each reel in the reel type slot machines. These are known as ‘physical stops’. In the old mechanical slot machines, there are reels that have about 20 symbols but in the new slots, there are 22 physical stops. The slot machines that have the Random Number Generator microprocessor makes it possible to have more stops. These are called “virtual stops”.
If you simplified things and say that there’s only ten stops on each reel, you’ll still have a thousand different combination for the symbols on the reel. You get this number by multiplying the number of symbols on the reels. For a 3 reel slot that’s: 10x10x10= 1000. This thousand is called a cycle. This is the term that most confuses slot players. Most players think that the thousand determines whether they win or lose.
In this case, the chance of the right 3 reel symbol combination picked is one in a thousand. That means, theoretically if you played one thousand spins you should see the right combination once. But we all know that this is not true. Even if you played a million spins, you’d see the numbers even out to the actual probability. If this is too confusing, think of it as flipping a coin a hundred times. The odds of having heads or tails are 50:50. You’re not going to see fifty tails and fifty heads after a hundred spins.
We’ve all seen how the lottery drawings are picked on a daily basis. There’s three glass bowls which contains ten balls that number from 0 to 9. The balls are mixed and when someone lifts up the top, a ball with a number pops up in the tube, that’s the first number. The same thing is repeated for the second and third glass bowls and you get the three numbers for a winning combo.
If you use this case, replace the numbers 0 to 9 on the balls with the symbols on slot machines. Each bowl have one ball with the slot symbol for the jackpot. Two balls with a bar, three with a banana, and four balls that are blank or spaces. The Random Number Generator is the person picking the winning combo of the symbols. So if you put that in the thousand odds, you’re going to get the following winning combination:
- 3 Jackpots 1 (1x1x1)
- 3 bars 8 (2x2x2)
- 3 bananas 27 (3x3x3) so you get total 37 wins.
Random Name Slot Machine
But there’s also 963 combination that you’d lose which are combinations of the following:
Are Slot Machines Random
- 3 blanks
- 2 blanks and a symbol
- 1 blanks and two different symbols
- 3 different symbols.
The Random Number Generator picks the combo of numbers a thousand times in a second. Think of it as a string of blinking lights, like the Christmas lights, but there can be one bulb that is lit at any one time. Electricity is going through one bulb to the next bulb down the string. When you push the ‘spin’ button the electrical current stops and the bulb in that particular position would light up. The light represents the three digit number in this case. It’s the same when you get up from a slot machine and see someone else sit there and hit the Jackpot. The chances of you winning or hitting the Jackpot combination at the same exact millisecond are phenomenal. That’s how Random Number Generator operates, and it depends on that and determines the results of your play.